CASTL

Center for Advanced Study
in Theoretical Linguistics

 


Bruce Morén

What do I do? (For linguists)

 


General

From a research perspective, my general interests are fairly broad - running the gamut of non-linear phonology, the phonetics-phonology interface, typology, diachronic change, dialect difference, acquisition and sign language linguistics.  Although my past (and some current) work has primarily been about prosodic organization (see below), much of my current work concentrates on the following three basic lines of research:

1)    The formal relationship between phonetics and phonology

This focus is born of a belief that although phonetics and phonology inform each other in complex ways that deserve careful exploration, they are, in fact, distinct.  Thus, any attempt at explaining patterns of sounds must consider their physical characteristics (articulatory, acoustic and aerodynamic), their mental representations (abstract features and structures), and the mapping between the two.  This is particularly important when we consider signed languages, which pose serious challenges to literature/theories relying on universal features.

2)    The role of representation in phonological theory 

This focus stems from a general unease with the current state of affairs in the phonological literature.  Since the advent of Optimality Theory, the focus has shifted from features, representations and rules to one of constraints and constraint-interaction.  Although viewing sound patterns through the lens of constraint-interaction has led to many advances in the field, it has also distracted us from a number of issues that are independent of the rules-versus-constraints question.  For example, the motivations behind feature theory and feature geometry, and the problems they were developed to address, are just as vital and unresolved today as they were ten years ago.  However, not enough work is being done in these areas. Much of my current research attempts to refine the phonological features we assume to be universal and to determine their relationship to one another within the segment.  I believe this work will play an important role in better understanding phonological phenomena and in addressing some of the questions for which OT currently has no answers.

3)    A detailed description of the phonetics and phonology of Lule Sami (still a twinkle...)

Lule Sami is one of the Sami languages belonging to the Finno-Ugric language family.  It is spoken primarily in a region stretching from Luleå in northeastern Sweden to Tysfjord in northwestern Norway.  It is closely related to neighboring Ume and Pite Sami to the south and Northern Sami to the north; however, it has several phonological and morpho-phonological characteristics that distinguish it from its neighbors. 

At present, a complete and systematic description of the phonetics and phonology of Lule Sami is lacking in the literature.  There are only a couple of cursory modern phonological descriptions (Spiik 1989, Kuoljok 1997), one very broad articulatory comparison between Lule Sami and Norwegian (Kintel 1992) and several limited (and related) acoustic studies (Engstrand and Kuoljok 1982, Engstrand 1987a, b, c, d). 

It is vital that a full and systematic phonetic and phonological investigation of this language be carried out because:

·      There is a lack of a complete description of the language

·      It has an interesting segment inventory

·      It has an interesting set of segment alternations (including what is called “consonant gradation”),

·      It is a language threatened by extinction (only approximately 1500 speakers and increasing influence from Northern Sami)

Such an investigation would:

·      Provide a sound archive (to be made available on the internet)

·      Be a resource for linguistic study

·      Further our understanding of the similarities and differences among Sami (and Finno-Ugric) languages

·      Provide a detailed set of data that could be used for pedagogical purposes - thus returning something to the language community

Such a study would also provide a detailed historical record and possibly aid in language revival efforts.


Research topics and products (for a full listing, see my CV):

1.    Prosodic Organization (segment weight typology, Thai tone, North Germanic pitch accent)

Publications (prosody)

Morén, B. and E. Zsiga (2006) The Lexical and Post-lexical Phonology of Thai Tones.  Natural Language and Linguistic Theory.

Morén, B. (2003) Weight Typology: An Optimality Theoretic Approach. The Linguistic Review 20 “Typology in Phonology” special issue, pp. 281-304.

Miglio, V. and B. Morén. (2003) Merger Avoidance and Lexical Reconstruction: An Optimality-Theoretic Model of the Great Vowel Shift. In D. Eric Holt (ed.), Optimality Theory and Language Change, pp. 191-228. Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands.

Morén, B. (2001) Distinctiveness, Coercion and Sonority: A Unified Theory of Weight. Routledge Publishers, New York, USA.

Morén, B. and E. Zsiga. (2001) Markedness and Lexical Tone in Standard Thai: Phonetics and Phonology. Proceedings of the 27th Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (BLS 27). Berkeley, USA.

Morén, B. (2000) The Puzzle of Kashmiri Stress: Implications for Weight Theory. Phonology 17.3, pp. 365-396.

Morén, B. and V. Miglio. (2000) Issues in Icelandic Phonology: A Unified Approach. In Gudrún Thórhallsdóttir (ed.), The Nordic Languages and Modern Linguistics. Vol. 10, pp. 155-168. Reykjavík, Iceland.

Morén, B. (1999) Syllable Weight Asymmetries in Distinctive and Coercive Environments. Proceedings of the 29th Meeting of the Northeastern Linguistics Society (NELS 29).

Morén, B. (1999) Distinctive Moraicity in Two Hungarian Dialects. University of Maryland Working Papers in Linguistics, Vol. 8, pp. 294-322. Maryland, USA.

Morén, B. (1998) The Puzzle of Kashmiri Stress.  University of Maryland Working Papers in Linguistics, Vol. 7, pp.126-149. Maryland, USA.

Morén, B. (1996) Markedness and Faithfulness Constraints on the Association of Moras: A Look at Metropolitan New York English. University of Maryland Working Papers in Linguistics, Vol. 4, pp. 125-151. Maryland, USA. 

Presentations (prosody)

Morén, B. (2007) Central Swedish Pitch Accent: a retro approach. The fourth Old World Conference in Phonology (OCP4), Rhodes, Greece.

Morén, B. (2005) Danish Stød and Eastern Norwegian Pitch Accent: Prosody, Morphology and Non-tonal Lexical Specification. The 11th Meeting on the Norwegian Language (11. møte om norsk språk - 11MONS), Bergen, Norway.

Morén, B. (2005) Scandinavian Tones: Back to Basics. Workshop on Tone and Intonation (±Europe), Konstanz, Germany. [Note: I now disavow the use of “Scandinavian” to refer exclusively to the North Germanic languages of Scandinavia.  The Sami languages are not Germanic and yet properly belong to Scandinavia and thus are also Scandinavian.]

Morén, B. (2005) Danish Stød and Eastern Norwegian Pitch Accent: The Myth of Lexical Tones. The 13th Manchester Phonology Meeting (MFM13), Manchester, England.

Morén, B. (2005) The Relationship between Here/Now and There/Then: Synchrony and Diachrony in Peninsular Scandinavian Pitch Accent. Workshop: Synchrony meets Diachrony in Phonology. Generative Linguistics in the Old World (GLOW28), Geneva, Switzerland. [Note: I now disavow the use of “Scandinavian” to refer exclusively to the North Germanic languages of Scandinavia.  The Sami languages are not Germanic and yet properly belong to Scandinavia and thus are also Scandinavian.]

Morén, B. (2004) The Phonetics and Phonology of Front Vowels in Staten Island English: When the Traditional Descriptions and the Facts do not Agree. 9th Conference on Laboratory Phonology (LabPhon9), Illinois, USA.

Morén, B. (2003) When ‘Tense’ is Lax and Lax is Long: A Phonetic and Phonological Investigation of Front Vowels in Staten Island English. Department of Linguistics Speaker Series, Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA.

Morén, B. and E. Zsiga. (2003) The Mora is the Tone-bearing Unit in Thai. Annual Meeting of the Linguistic Society of America (LSA 2003), Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

Morén, B. (1999) Typology, Optimality Theory and a Unified Theory of Weight. Department of Linguistics Colloquium Series, Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA.

Morén, B. and E. Zsiga. (2001) Markedness and Lexical Tone in Standard Thai: Phonetics and Phonology. 27th Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (BLS27), Berkeley, California, USA.

Morén, B. (2000) Using Optimality Theory to Re-examine the Nature of Typology: An Example from Phonological Weight Theory. 4th Utrecht Biannual Phonology Workshop, Utrecht Institute of Linguistics OTS, The Netherlands.

Miglio, V. and B. Morén. (2000) Language Change in OT: The Great Vowel Shift. 45th Annual Meeting of the International Linguistics Association (ILA 2000), Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.

Morén, B. (1999) Moraic Faithfulness Constraints and Violations of a ‘Universal’. Rutgers University/ University of Maryland Phonology Workshop, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Morén, B. (1998) Syllable Weight Asymmetries in Distinctive and Coercive Environments. 29th Meeting of the Northeastern Linguistics Society (NELS29), Newark, Delaware, USA.

Morén, B. (1998) Distinctive Moraicity in Two Hungarian Dialects. Annual University of Maryland Linguistics Student Conference, College Park, Maryland, USA.

Morén, B. and V. Miglio. (1998) A Unified Account of Icelandic Preaspiration and Spirantization. Xth Conference of Nordic and General Linguistics, Reykjavík, Iceland.

Morén, B. (1997) Vowel Length and Consonant Weight Dependencies in Three English Dialects. Major Varieties of English Conference (MAVEN), Växjö, Sweden.

Morén, B. (1997)

Stress and Weight Dependencies in Kashmiri. 26th Annual Meeting of the Linguistics Association of the Southwest (LASSO), Los Angeles, California, USA.

Morén, B. (1997) Markedness and Faithfulness Constraints on the Association of Moras: Vowel Length and Consonant Weight in Three English Dialects. Hopkins Optimality Theory Workshop/ University of Maryland Mayfest (H-OT97), Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Morén, B. (1997) A Factorial Typology of Syllable Weight. Rutgers University/University of Maryland Phonology Workshop, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.

Morén, B. (1997) The Puzzle of Kashmiri Stress. Annual University of Maryland Linguistics Student Conference, College Park, Maryland, USA.

Morén, B. (1997) Vowel Length and Consonant Weight in Icelandic Stressed Syllables. Annual University of Maryland Linguistics Student Conference, College Park, Maryland, USA.

Morén, B. (1996) A Re-analysis of New York æ-Tensing: An OT Approach. Annual University of Maryland Linguistics Student Conference, College Park, Maryland, USA.

2.    Feature Theory (features, segment-internal organization, Parallel Structures Model)

Publications (features)

Morén, B. (2007) The Division of Labor between Segment-internal Structure and Violable Constraints. In M. Krämer, P. Bye, and S. Blaho, eds., 'Freedom of Analysis?'.

Morén, B. (2006) Consonant-Vowel Interactions in Serbian: Features, Representations and Constraint Interactions. Lingua.

Morén, B. (2003) Affricates, Palatals and Iotization in Serbian: Representational Solutions to Longstanding Puzzles. In Erik Egeberg and Tore Nesset (eds.), Poljarnyj Vestnik 6, pp. 46-70. Tromsø, Norway.

Morén, B. (2003) The Parallel Structures Model of Feature Geometry. Working Papers of the Cornell Phonetics Laboratory 15, pp. 194-270. Ithaca, USA.

Presentations (features)

Morén, B. and P. Jurgec (2007) Consonants and Vowels in Slovenian and Serbian: Phonetic similarities, (morpho)phonological differences and vice versa. 7th European Conference on Formal Description of Slavic Languages (FDSL-7). Leipzig, Germany.

Morén, B. (2007) Minimalist/Substance-free Feature Theory: Why and How. 1-week course at the Eastern European Generative Grammar summer school (EGG). Brno, the Czech Republic.

Morén, B. (2007) Minimalist/Substance-free Feature Theory: Case Studies and Implications. 1-week course at the Eastern European Generative Grammar summer school (EGG). Brno, the Czech Republic.

Morén, B. (2007) Minimalist Phonological Feature Theory: A beginning. Toronto School of Contrast mini-course. Tromsø, Norway.

Morén, B. (2007) The Parallel Structures Model: A Minimalist Phonological Feature Theory. Department of English Linguistics and the Theoretical Linguistics Programme at Eötvös Loránd University. Budapest, Hungary.

Morén, B. (2007) The Parallel Structures Model Approach to Hungarian Vowels. Department of English Linguistics and the Theoretical Linguistics Programme at Eötvös Loránd University. Budapest, Hungary.

Morén, B. (2007) The Parallel Structures Model Approach to Hungarian Consonants. Department of English Linguistics and the Theoretical Linguistics Programme at Eötvös Loránd University. Budapest, Hungary.

Morén, B. (2007) Phonological Segment Inventories and their Phonetic Variation: a substance-free approach. Workshop: Segment Inventories. Generative Linguistics in the Old World (GLOWXXX), Tromsø, Norway.

Morén, B. (2006) How far can we go toward substance-free phonological features and why? The Phonological Bases of Phonological Features Workshop, Tromsø, Norway.

Morén, B. (2006) Looking Beyond Harmony: a more complete picture of Hungarian vowels. 14th Manchester Phonology Meeting (MFM14), Manchester, England.

Morén, B. (2006) “ATR” Harmony in Ka$lç$N and Nez Perce without [±ATR]: Abstraction, Economy and Primitives. The third Old World Conference in Phonology (OCP3), Budapest, Hungary.

Morén, B. (2006) Toward Constructing a Minimalist Phonological Feature Theory. The Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Linguistics Colloquium Series. Tromsø, Norway.

Morén, B. (2005) The Division of Labor between Segment-internal Structure and Violable Constraints. The workshop on The Freedom of Analysis in phonology, Tromsø, Norway.

Morén, B. (2005) A Unified Approach to Manner of Articulation in Signed and Spoken Languages. Annual Meeting of the Linguistic Society of America (LSA 2005), San Francisco, California, USA.

Morén, B. and T. Nessett. (2005) Russian Softening Explained: Phonetics, Phonology and Morphology Combined. The second Old World Conference in Phonology (OCP2), Tromsø, Norway.

Morén, B. (2004) Interactions among Phonetics, Phonology and Morphology in Serbian: Explaining Consonant-Vowel Interactions and Alternations. Annual Meeting of the Modern Language Association (MLA 2004), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.

Morén, B. (2004) A Brief Introduction to the Parallel Structures Model of Feature Geometry. Reykjavík/CASTL Workshop, Reykjavík, Iceland.

Morén, B. (2004) Accounting for Serbian Consonant-vowel Interactions and Alternations Using the Parallel Structures Model of Feature Geometry. 12th Manchester Phonology Meeting (MFM12), Manchester, England.

Morén, B. (2003) The Parallel Structures Model of Feature Geometry: Some Manner/Major Class Feature Acquisition Predictions. Acquisition of Grammar Workshop, Tromsø, Norway.

Morén, B. (2003) Featural and Representational Economy: The Parallel Structures Model of Feature Geometry. Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Linguistics (CASTL) Kick-off Conference, Tromsø, Norway.

Morén, B. (2002) Manner of Articulation in Two Modalities: A Unified Approach. Applied Linguistics Program, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Linguistics Student Conference, College Park, Maryland, USA.

3.    Lule Sami

Presentations (Lule Sami)

Morén, B. (2007) The Importance of Detailed and Multifaceted Data in Analyzing Allomorphy. 15th Manchester Phonology Meeting (MFM15), Manchester, England.

Morén, B. (2006) Selected Issues in Lule Sami Phonetics and Phonology: What do we know and what do we think we know? Sami Linguistics Symposium. Tromsø, Norway.

Morén, B. (2006) A Planned Phonetic and Phonological Study of Lule Sami. Seminar on Northern Norwegian Language Relations (Seminar om nordnorske språkforhold), Tromsø, Norway.

Morén, B. (2006) Participant in the working group on Lule Sami language research. Conference on Sami Language Research, Health and Social Research, and Culture and Society Research in the Lule Sami Area. Árran Lule Sami Center, Drag, Norway.


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Last updated December 2007 -- By the way, my name is pronounced like "more rain" with the stress on the second syllable.


 

 

 University of Tromsø

Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Linguistics